Линия Ask Форекс

The bid-ask spread (informally referred to as the buy-sell spread) is the difference between the price a dealer will buy and sell a currency. However, the spread, or the difference, between the bid and ask price for a currency in the retail market can be large, and may also vary significantly from one dealer to the next.

Understanding how exchange rates are calculated is the first step to understanding the impact of wide spreads in the foreign exchange market. In addition, it is always in your best interest to research the best exchange rate.

Bid-Ask Spreads in the Retail Forex Market

The bid price is what the dealer is willing to pay for a currency, while the ask price is the rate at which a dealer will sell the same currency.

For example, Ellen is an American traveler visiting Europe. The cost of purchasing euros at the airport is as follows:

• EUR 1 = USD / USD

The higher price (USD ) is the cost to buy each euro. Ellen wants to buy EUR 5,, and so would have to pay the dealer USD 7,

Suppose also that the next traveler in line has just returned from their European vacation and wants to sell the euros that they have left over. Katelyn has EUR 5, to sell. They can sell the euros at the bid price of USD (the lower price) and would receive USD 6, in exchange for their euros.

Because of the bid-ask spread, the kiosk dealer is able to make a profit of USD from this transaction (the difference between USD 7, and USD 6,).

When faced with a standard bid and ask price for a currency, the higher price is what you would pay to buy the currency and the lower price is what you would receive if you were to sell the currency.

Direct and Indirect Currency Quotes in Forex Markets

A direct currency quote, also known as a “price quotation,” is one that expresses the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of the domestic currency. An indirect currency quote, also known as a “volume quotation,” is the opposite of a direct quote. An indirect currency quote expresses the amount of foreign currency per unit of domestic currency.

Most currencies are quoted in direct quote form (for example, USD/JPY, which refers to the amount of Japanese yen per one U.S. dollar). The currency to the left of the slash is called the base currency and the currency to the right of the slash is called, the counter currency, or quoted currency. 

Commonwealth Currencies

Commonwealth currencies such as the British pound and Australian dollar, as well as the euro, are generally quoted in indirect form (for example, GBP/USD and EUR/USD, which refer to the amount of US dollars per one British pound and per one euro).

Consider the Canadian dollar. In Canada, this quotation would take the form of USD 1 = CAD This represents a direct quotation, since it expresses the amount of domestic currency (CAD) per unit of the foreign currency (USD). The indirect form would be the reciprocal of the direct quote, or CAD 1 = USD

Next, consider the British pound. In the United Kingdom, this quotation would take the form of GBP 1= USD This represents an indirect quotation since it expresses the amount of foreign currency (USD) per unit of domestic currency (GBP). The direct form of this quote would be USD 1 = GBP

Understanding How Currencies are Quoted

When dealing with currency exchange rates, it's important to have an understanding of how currencies are quoted.

Suppose there is a Canadian resident who is traveling to Europe and needs euros. The exchange rates in the forex market are approximately USD 1 = CAD , and EUR 1 = USD That means the approximate EUR/CAD spot rate would be EUR 1 = CAD ( x ). A currency dealer in Canada might quote a rate of EUR 1 = CAD / , which means that you would pay Canadian dollars to buy one euro and would receive Canadian dollars if you sold one euro.

The calculation would be different if both currencies were quoted in direct form. If the approximate spot rate for the Japanese yen is USD 1 = JPY , this is how you would calculate the price of yen in Canadian dollars:

• USD 1 = CAD and USD 1 = JPY

Thus:

• CAD = JPY , or CAD 1 = JPY ( / )

In general, dealers in most countries will display exchange rates in direct form, or the amount of domestic currency required to buy one unit of a foreign currency.

How to Calculate Cross-Currency Rates

When dealing with cross currencies, first establish whether the two currencies in the transaction are generally quoted in direct form or indirect form. If both currencies are quoted in direct form, the approximate cross-currency rate would be calculated by dividing "Currency A" by "Currency B."

If one currency is quoted in direct form and the other in indirect form, the approximate cross-currency rate would be "Currency A" multiplied by "Currency B."

When you calculate a currency rate, you can also establish the spread, or the difference between the bid and ask price for a currency. More importantly, you can determine how large the spread is. If you decide to make the transaction, you can shop around for the best rate.

Exchange Rates Vary by Dealer

Rates can vary between dealers in the same city. Spending a few minutes online comparing the various exchange rates can potentially save you % or 1%.

Airport kiosks have the worst exchange rates, with extremely wide bid-ask spreads. It's possible to receive 5% less of the currency you are buying. It may be preferable to carry a small amount of foreign currency for your immediate needs and exchange bigger amounts at banks or dealers in the city.

Some dealers will automatically improve the posted rate for larger amounts, but others may not do so unless you specifically request a rate improvement. If you haven’t had the time to shop around for the best rates, research ahead of time so you have an idea of the spot exchange rate and understand the spread. If the spread is too wide, consider taking your business to another dealer.

The Bottom Line

Wide spreads are the bane of the retail currency exchange market. However, you can mitigate the impact of these wide spreads by researching the best rates, foregoing airport currency kiosks and asking for better rates for larger amounts.

Forex trading is one of the most popular trading markets in the world. The forex market is a decentralized market where currencies are traded around the world. The buying and selling process of currencies is quite different from buying and selling other assets like stocks or bonds. There are two prices involved in forex trading &#; the bid and ask prices. The ask price is the price at which a trader can buy a currency pair. The ask price line is an essential concept to understand when trading forex.

The ask price line is a horizontal line that represents the current ask price of a currency pair. It is displayed on a forex chart alongside the bid price line. The ask price line is also known as the offer price or the asking price. It is the price at which traders can buy the currency pair from the broker.

The ask price line is always higher than the bid price line. The difference between the bid and ask prices is known as the spread. The spread is the cost of trading forex, and it is the profit that the broker makes. The spread can vary from broker to broker and can also vary for different currency pairs.

The ask price line is an important factor in forex trading. Traders use the ask price line to determine the cost of buying a currency pair. The ask price line is also used to determine the profit or loss of a trade. When a trader buys a currency pair, they enter the trade at the ask price. If the price of the currency pair moves in their favor, they can sell the currency pair at a higher price, which is the bid price. The difference between the ask price and the bid price is their profit.

The ask price line is also used to set stop-loss orders. A stop-loss is an order that closes a trade automatically when the price of the currency pair reaches a specific level. Traders use stop-loss orders to minimize their losses if the price of the currency pair moves against them. The stop-loss order is set below the ask price line, and it is triggered when the price of the currency pair reaches the specified level.

The ask price line is affected by various factors that influence the forex market. The most important factor is supply and demand. When there is high demand for a currency pair, the ask price line will increase, and when there is low demand for a currency pair, the ask price line will decrease. The economic and political situation of a country also affects the ask price line. A stable economy and political situation will result in a higher ask price line, while an unstable economy and political situation will result in a lower ask price line.

In conclusion, the ask price line is an essential concept to understand when trading forex. It represents the price at which traders can buy a currency pair from a broker. The ask price line is always higher than the bid price line, and the difference between the two is known as the spread. Traders use the ask price line to determine the cost of buying a currency pair and to set stop-loss orders. The ask price line is affected by various factors that influence the forex market, including supply and demand, and the economic and political situation of a country.

What Is Bid and Ask?

The term "bid and ask" (also known as "bid and offer") refers to a two-way price quotation that indicates the best potential price at which a security can be sold and bought at a given point in time. The bid price represents the maximum price that a buyer is willing to pay for a share of stock or other security. The ask price represents the minimum price that a seller is willing to take for that same security. A trade or transaction occurs when a buyer in the market is willing to pay the best offer available—or is willing to sell at the highest bid.

The difference between bid and ask prices, or the spread, is a key indicator of the liquidity of the asset. In general, the smaller the spread, the better the liquidity.

Understanding Bid and Ask

The average investor contends with the bid and ask spread as an implied cost of trading. Most investors and retail traders are "market takers," meaning that they usually will have to sell on the bid (where someone else is willing to buy) and buy at the offer (where someone else is willing to sell).

For example, if the current price quotation for the stock of ABC Corp. is $ / $, investor X, who is looking to buy A at the current market price, would pay $, while investor Y, who wishes to sell ABC shares at the current market price, would receive $

Who Benefits from the Bid-Ask Spread?

The bid-ask spread works to the advantage of the market maker. Continuing with the above example, a market maker who is quoting a price of $ / $ for ABC stock is indicating a willingness to buy A at $ (the bid price) and sell it at $ (the asked price). The spread represents the market maker's profit.

Bid-ask spreads can vary widely, depending on the security and the market. Blue-chip companies that constitute the Dow Jones Industrial Average may have a bid-ask spread of only a few cents, while a small-cap stock that trades less than 10, shares a day may have a bid-ask spread of 50 cents or more.

The bid-ask spread can widen dramatically during periods of illiquidity or market turmoil, since traders will not be willing to pay a price beyond a certain threshold, and sellers may not be willing to accept prices below a certain level.

The Bottom Line

Most quotes in securities markets are two-sided, meaning they come with both a bid and an ask. The bid is the highest price at which someone is willing to buy the security, the ask or offer is the lowest price at which someone is willing to sell it. Together, the bid and ask make up the price quote, with the distance between the bid-ask spread an indicator of a security's liquidity (the tighter the spread, the more liquid). Quotes will often also show the amount of the security available at both the current best bid and ask prices. Most retail traders and investors must sell on the bid or buy on the offer, while market makers set the bid and offer prices where they are willing to buy and sell.

As we know from theory, the bid price (sell price) represents the maximum price a buyer is willing to pay for security, for example, the forex pair price. The asking price (buy price) represents the minimum price a seller is ready to take for that security. By default, in MT4 and MT5, the bid price (sell price) can be seen, but the asking price usually is not visible.

How to show the bid and ask line on MT4?

To show on the Mt4 bid and ask line, you need to go to Chart/Properties option in MT4 (or click F8 on the keyboard) to bring up the properties screen (Common) and locate the “Show Ask Line” option on the right side. In the next step, check the “Show grid” box and click OK.

Bid line MT4 is visible by default in any Metatrader platform. On your chart, the bid line can always be seen, and if you need to know the ask price, you need to add using the Chart Properties window, as we explained in this article.

We will repeat again:

How to show the bid and ask price on MT4?

Traders can show and bid and ask prices on MT4 or MT5 chart when they press right-click in the chart and select “Properties” (or press F8), and then in Common Tab, check the “Show ask line” option.

To show the asking price on the MT4 platform, do the following steps:

1. Right-click on the chart and select “Properties.”
2. In the “Properties” window, click the “Common” tab.
3. Check the box  “Show Ask line” and then click “Ok.”

Bid and ask prices will appear on the MT4 platform chart. It is not fixed when you watch the bid and ask difference (spread). Spread is changing, and the spread can be much more significant when volatility is high. Important news and volatility can increase the bid and ask for difference and broader spread.

Fxigor

Trader at Leanta Capital

Igor has been a trader since Currently, Igor works for several prop trading companies.
He is an expert in financial niche, long-term trading, and weekly technical levels.

The primary field of Igor's research is the application of machine learning in algorithmic trading.

Education: Computer Engineering and Ph.D. in machine learning.

Igor regularly publishes trading-related videos on the Fxigor Youtube channel.

To contact Igor write on:
[email protected]

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Don’t be afraid of the term “quotations”: how to read Forex pairs

To trade currency pairs, learning how to read their quotations is essential. This word is associated with the terms you need to comprehend first before you install the trading platform and open a trade:

● “bid” and “ask”;
● “pips” and “spread”.

You’ll come across these smart terms while trading. And, unless you grasp what this is now, you’ll get confused and make mistakes in your trades in the future.

So, let’s figure out the terminology. We are not gonna spend the life being afraid of smart words, are we?

Currency Pairs and Quotations

Forex is a place to trade currencies. Four of the most popular currencies are:

● USD — US dollar, $.
● EUR — Euro, €.
● GBP — Pound Sterling, or Pound, or British Pound (£).
● JPY — Japanese Yen (¥).

To know how much a currency is worth, it is compared to another one:

In the example above, Euro and US dollar were compared. Euro’s value is more than that of a dollar; 1 euro is worth $1,

Remember this:

Currencies are compared to find out which of them is worth more and which is worth less.

What is a Quotation

A currency pair quotation is its exchange rate:

In the example above, the exchange rate of Euro to US dollar is This means that 1 euro is worth dollars.

“Exchange rate”, or just “rate” is the same as “quotation”.

How to Read Currency Quotations

For correct reading of quotations, we need to know how to calculate them. For this purpose, other currencies are compared to a dollar.

In a currency pair, a dollar may go first or second. Or sometimes a dollar is not present in a pair at all.

Reading of quotations will be different, depending on a case.

Is US dollar the first or the second currency in a pair?

Whenever a dollar is the first currency to appear in a pair, we call it the base currency and compare it with another one.

Example 1:

The dollar/yen exchange rate is In this pair, dollar goes first, which means that the exchange rate shows how much yen is needed to buy 1 USD.

The quotation shall be read as: “1 USD is worth yen”, or “ yen are needed to buy 1 dollar”.

Example 2:

In the USD/CNY pair, dollar is the base currency, meaning that the rate shows how much of the second currency is needed to buy 1 USD.

In this example, we need to pay 7 Chinese yuan for 1 dollar.

How to read quotations when a dollar is a second currency in a pair

Whenever dollar goes second in a pair, it is referred as the quote currency.

With dollar being the quote currency, the exchange rate shows how much dollars another currency is worth.

Example 1:

In the EUR / USD pair, dollar is the quote currency, meaning that the rate shows how much dollars must be paid for 1 Euro.

The quotation shall be read as: “We need USD to buy 1 Euro”.

Example 2:

In the GBP / USD pair, dollar is the quote currency. The quotation shall be read as: “With USD we can buy 1 pound”.

How to read quotations when a dollar is not present in a pair

A quotation for a pair of currencies other than a dollar is known as cross rate.

To calculate a cross rate, currencies are first compared to a dollar, and then to one another.

Example:

A currency pair of EUR / GBP obviously contains no dollar. To calculate the rate, we shall compare the both currencies to a dollar first:

● The rate of EUR / USD is
● The rate of GBP / USD is

Then we shall proceed to comparing the rates of the currency pairs with one another.

● EUR / GBP = EUR / USD : GBP / USD
● EUR / GBP = :

The result is:

We now have the exchange rate of Euro to Pound:

Things to remember:

1. A quotation is a currency pair exchange rate.
2. To read a quotation, we need to compare a currency to US dollar.
3. Whenever dollar goes first in a pair, it is a base currency, whenever it goes second, it is a quote currency.
4. If dollar is not present in the currency pair, the currencies shall be each compared to dollar, producing two exchange rates. Those resulting rates shall be then compared with one another, producing the cross rate quotation.

The ways to say that quotations are changing

Quotations are not stable. They keep changing:

The Euro / US dollar rate is changing every second

We have learnt how to read quotations, but we don’t know yet how to tell someone how much the price has changed.

There are two terms for that: “tick” and “pip”.

Tick is normally the fourth decimal place. A tick is often referred to as a pip:

Pips changing in a Euro/USD pair

Wait a minute, but there are five decimal places.

The fifth decimal place is a tenth of a pip.

If a rate of pound to dollar has grown from to , we say the price moved five tenth of a pip higher (it went half a pip up).

To avoid confusion, let’s consider two examples of Euro/US dollar.

Example 1 The rate of EUR / USD has moved from up to The fourth decimal place is a pip.

We say: “The rate of Euro / dollar went 5 pips up”.

Example 2 The rate of EUR / USD has dropped from to The fifth decimal place is a fractional pip.

We say: “The rate of Euro / dollar dropped by 5 fractional pips (by half a pip)”.

How to read quotations with 3 digits after a decimal point

Not all currency pairs have 4 decimal places. Thus, the currency pair of US Dollar / Yen features only three decimal numbers:

In the USD / Yen currency pair, however, one pip is the second decimal place, while the third decimal place is a fractional pip.

Seems like we’ve figured out the pips. Now we can tell someone by how much a rate of some particular currency pair has changed.

There are 3 quotation terms left, understanding which is essential before you even open a trading platform: bid, ask, and spread.

What is bid, ask, and spread

There are buyers and sellers of currencies.

Sellers sell at a more expensive price, while buyers buy at a cheaper price. A Seller’s price in a trading platform is always higher while that of a Buyer’s is lower:

The red line is for the Seller’s price, the black line is for the Buyer’s price

The red line at the picture above stands for the Seller’s price — ask. The black line shows bid, which is the Buyer’s price.

If you buy currency, the trade will be open at the Seller’s price (ask).

If you sell the currency, you’ll open the trade at the Buyer’s price (bid).

This is what bid and ask look like in a trading platform:

Bid and Ask for Euro / USD

There is always a certain difference, or spread, between the bid and the ask, because buyers and sellers do not concede on a price.

The difference between the two prices is known as spread:

Spread in a trading platform

For a trade to happen in the currency market, a trader kind of ‘fills in’ the spread with his/her trade.

When you open a trade, a spread is the commission you are going to pay.

Brokers’ proceeds come from spreads. We at AMarkets offer the lowest spread for currency trading: just two tenth of pip () at a pair of EUR / USD.

Now you know all the smart words

Congrats! You can now read quotations and know which commission you will pay for the trade. Go ahead and download the trading platform and start trading.

Currency pairs quotations are changing every second. If you manage to forecast the currency rate in 5 minutes, in an hour, or in a day, you will be able to make money.

With our educational articles your balance will start growing as early as weeks after you begin trading:

1. How to earn on a pair of USD / Yen in ? The Complete Guide with the Check List and Detailed Description for beginners.
2. How to plan your day to avoid spending too much time for trading? How to realize when a strong trend is expected in a certain currency pair? An article about Forex Trading Sessions will answer your questions.

One of the most overlooked aspects of Forex trading is the cost of opening a trade position.

At the usual cost of 2 &#; 4 pips, the bid-ask spread is not something that&#;s taken seriously by retail traders.

In fact, I would say that it&#;s typically ignored.

After all, it&#;s not something that traders can avoid&#; so why worry about it?

To understand this issue, let&#;s look at the graphical representation of the bid-ask spread on the trading chart.

View The Bid-Ask Spread In MetaTrader 4

First, right-click anywhere on the chart and click &#;Properties&#;.

In the chart properties window, select your choice of colors for the bid and ask lines.

The &#;Grid&#; color = Bid line color

The &#;Ask line&#; color = Ask line color

For illustrative purposes I&#;ve selected red for the bid line, and blue for the ask line.

Next, go to the &#;Common&#; tab.

Check the &#;Show Ask line&#; radio button.

Un-check the &#;Show grid&#; radio button.

Then click &#;OK&#;.

And voilà, you can now see the bid-ask lines on your trading chart.

But What&#;s The Point Of This?

The bid-ask spread is an operational expense. It&#;s the cost you pay regardless of whether you profit from the trade.

And the larger the spread is &#; in relation to the profit potential &#; the less worthwhile the trade is.

Let&#;s look at a chart example:

Here you can see that prices have dipped significantly, and is now consolidating.

If you&#;re an intraday trader or scalper, you might be looking to profit from this ranging price action.

But look what happens when we include the bid-ask spread on the chart:

As you can see, the bid-ask spread (the area between the blue and red lines) takes up most of the ranging price action.

To make a profit in such a situation, you&#;d not only have to correctly anticipate prices continuing to consolidate, you&#;d also have to click fast enough catch prices at the top and bottom of the range.

In the image below, the yellow areas are where you&#;d have to enter a buy/sell trade in order to make a profit&#; of just 1 &#; 2 pips.

So which time frame do you think this chart is showing?

It&#;s the 5 minute time frame.

Now contrast this to a similar situation on the 1 hour time frame:

Since the spread is proportionately smaller in relation to the price swings, we get a lot more opportunities for a larger potential profit of 6 &#; 10 pips.

This is an often overlooked detail of short-term trading, which significantly reduces its profitability and sustainability over the long run.

If you&#;re going to be trading for a long time you&#;ll need to adopt a trading approach that stacks the odds in your favor.

Based on the 2 examples we&#;ve just seen, it&#;s clear which one offers more opportunities for a profit (i.e. fewer losses), and with a larger profit potential.

Don&#;t Sell Ice To Eskimos

Short-term trading is appealing to many traders because it promises &#;quick profits&#; and &#;instant wins&#;.

The reality of it however, is that it is a way of trading where you are most unlikely to keep winning.

In the meantime, your broker will be smiling all the way to the bank with the huge chunk of fees it has collected from you.

As with many other areas in life, it pays to choose to play the game that gives you the best chance of winning.

I Hope This Guide Has Been Helpful

What do you think of this quick guide? Let me know in the comments below, and feel free to check out my other guides/posts on the right sidebar!

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