فيلم نبأ السماء كامل

Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ which was composed on morphology science by one of the important grammar scholars of the eighth century Aḥmad b. ʻAlî b. Masʻûd (d.700/1300), gained acceptance with great interest of many people in the era it was written. From the moment it was written, due to being frequently preferred by both teachers and students, has been studied in madrasas till the present day. In addition to this, this work was started to be studied with the books which are taught in the madrasah named Amtila, Binâ, Maqṣûd and ‘İzzî fi al-Taṣrîf and become the last chapter of the group of epistles collected under the name Majmûʻat al-Ṣarf (Morphology Collection). Although Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ was widely accepted by the majority, because of its tough narrative style, commentary of the work was needed. For this reason scholars such as Badr al-dîn al-ʻAynî (ö.855/1451), Ḥasan Pashâ b. ʻAlâ al-dîn al-Aswad (ö.827/1424), Shams al-dîn Aḥmad b. Abdullah al-Rûmî al-Bursawî known as "Denqôz" (ö.860/1455), Shams al-dîn Aḥmad b. Sulaymân known as "Ibn Kamâl Pashâ" (ö.940/1533), and Muṣleḥ al-dîn Muṣṭafâ b. Shaʻbân known as "Surûrî" (ö.969/m.1562) composed valuable commentaries. Apart from the commentaries mentioned, also Ibn-i Helâl wrote a commentary on Marâḥ al-Arwâh called al-Iṣbâḥ ʻalâ Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ. The fact that appealing of this commentary written by Ibn al-Helâl to the broad masses and usage of a strong and understandable language in the commentary are among the most important reasons of our choosing this commentary for the critical edition work. In regard to this importance of the work, we in our study tried to reveal this work, its author and its place in the world of science. Our study consists of two main sections as examination and textual analysis. The examination section, which is the first section, consists of three parts apart from the introduction part. In the introduction part, detailed information about the political, social and scientific situation of our commentator was given. Right after, in the first chapter information about the life of Aḥmad b. ʻAlî b. Masʻûd who is the author of the main text which comprises a basis for the work we examined in our study and his work named Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ was conveyed. In the second part, a detailed examination about the life, the scientific personality and the works of the commentator Muḥammad b. ʻAlî b. Helâl was carried out. Finally, in the third chapter, information about the introduction of al-Iṣbâḥ ʻalâ Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ which we examined on was given. After the parts mentioned, in the textual analysis section which is the second section, the text of the al-Iṣbâḥ ʻalâ Marâḥ al-Arwâḥ was tried to be critically edited in detail by us and our study was finalized after this section.

Bu araştırma, telif edildiği IX/XV. yüzyıldan itibaren Osmanlı Devleti’nde eğitim ve yargı alanında önemli bir yer tutan Molla Hüsrev’in Dürerü’l-hükkâm fî şerhi Gureri’l-ahkâm isimli fıkıh eseri etrafında oluşan literatürü tanıtmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Eserle alakalı çoğu Osmanlı ilmiye sınıfı mensubu müderris ve kadılara ait şerh, hâşiye, ta‘lîk, ihtisar, reddiye, nazım ve tercüme tarzında 100 kadar çalışma tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan nüshaları bulunabilenler konularına göre tasnif edilerek müellifleri ve muhtevaları hakkında kısa bilgiler verilmiş ve böylece Osmanlı’daki fıkıh eğitimi ve hukuk düşüncesinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma bu haliyle Dürer etrafında oluşan literatürü tanıtan en kapsamlı çalışma olmakla birlikte, bugün için kayıp olduğu neticesine varılan veya çeşitli sebeplerle erişilemeyen nüshalara ulaşılması, ayrıca mevcut kütüphane kataloglarında henüz kayda geçilmemiş veya yanlış kaydedilmişler arasından yeni eserlerin ortaya çıkması ihtimalinin yüksek olması sebebiyle tüketici olmaktan çok sonraki çalışmalarla tamamlanacak bir ön çalışma mahiyetindedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Molla Hüsrev, Dürer, Gurer, Osmanlı, fıkıh, şerh, hâşiye, ta‘lîk. The Literature On Mollā Khusraw’s Durar al-Hukkām This study is undertaken to introduce the literature on Mollā Khusraw’s Durar al-hukkām fī sharh Gurar al-ahkām, which was written in the 9th /15th century and had a significant place in the educational and legal system of the Ottoman state. About a hundred works have been identified as sharh, hāshiyya, ta‘līq, ikhtisār, raddiyya, poetry or translation, most of which were written by Ottoman scholars and jurists (mudarris and qādī) belonging to the ilmiyya class. The identified manuscripts have been classified according to their topics and presented along with brief information on their authors and contents. This attempt has aimed to contribute to the understanding of the fiqh education and legal thought in the Ottoman period. This study is the most comprehensive one introducing the literature on Durer; on the other hand, due to the limitations on the accessible number of manuscript copies such as the incomplete nature of library catalogues, it serves as a preliminary work for further studies. Keywords: Mollā K̲h̲usraw, Durar, Gurar, Ottoman, fiqh, sharh, hāshiyya, ta‘līq