Beşiktaş Liverpool Full

Turkish professional football club

Football club

Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (lit.&#;'Beşiktaş Gymnastics Club'), also known simply as Beşiktaş (Turkish pronunciation:&#;[beˈʃiktaʃ]), is a Turkish professional sports club founded in that is based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul. The club's football team is one of the Big Three in Turkey and one of the most successful teams in the country, having never been relegated to a lower division. It was the first registered sports club in the country and one of the few that acquired the right to bear the Turkish flag on its crest.

Its football team has won 21 league titles including 16 Turkish Süper Lig, three Turkish National Division and two Turkish Football Championship titles. Beşiktaş is also the only team to have won the Süper Lig undefeated, in the –92 campaign. The team last won the Turkish Süper Lig title and Turkish Cup during the –21 season. Its home ground is Vodafone Park, a 42,capacity all-seater stadium located by Dolmabahçe Palace. The stadium has been considered one of the best in the world for location, design, comfort, technology, atmosphere and transportation.^[9][10]

The team also participates in European competitions regularly. Beşiktaş reached the quarter-finals of the –87 European Cup and displayed the best Turkish team performance in the Champions League group stage by earning 14 points and progressing undefeated in the –18 campaign. Beşiktaş have also reached the UEFA Europa League^[a] quarter-finals twice, in the –03 and –17 seasons. Based on its UEFA coefficient, Beşiktaş is currently the highest ranked Turkish team and is ranked second all-time after its rival Galatasaray.

The club's fan base, Çarşı, is well known globally.^[11] They were chosen as the best fan group in voting conducted by American sports viewers due to their decibel noise record at a match against Liverpool FC.^[12] The group is involved with sociopolitical causes and is traditionally considered to be working-class and left-wing, supporting what is known as "the people's team".^[13] The highest ever football attendance in Turkish league history was recorded in a Beşiktaş-Galatasaray derby with 76, spectators.^[14][15]

The club also competes in other sports such as women's football, basketball (men's, women's and wheelchair), volleyball (men's and women's), handball, athletics, beach football, boxing, bridge, chess, gymnastics, athletics, parasports, rowing, table tennis, wrestling and esports.^[16]

History[edit]

– establishment of the club[edit]

Members of Beşiktaş JK in

Bereket Gymnastics Club was founded on 3 March under special permission from the authorities.^{[17][better&#;source&#;needed]} Their sporting activities gained more freedom with the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy in After the political events of 31 March , Fuat Balkan and Mazhar Kazancı, who were in Edirne, came to Istanbul with the National Movement.^[19] After the restoration of political order, Fuat Balkan, a proven fencing coach, and Mazhar Kazancı, a wrestler and weight lifter, found the youths involved in gymnastics in Serencebey and persuaded them to train together.^[19]Refik Bey and Şerafettin Bey, friends of Fuat Bey, were also fencing practitioners. Fuat Balkan made the first floor of his own home as the club's headquarters, located in Ihlamur neighbourhood of Beşiktaş.^[19] The title of "Bereket Gymnastics Club" was renamed as "Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club". The club was turned into a more comprehensive structure, in which gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, fencing and athletics were emphasized. Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı, one of the founding members, was elected the first president of the club.^[19]

On 13 January , the club became the first registered Turkish sports club in Ottoman Empire, with the encouragement of the Governor of Beyoğlu District. The interest among the youths of the neighbourhood in the sports club grew and the number of members involved in sports quickly grew to The headquarters of the club was moved from Ihlamur, Beşiktaş to Building No. 49 in Akaretler, Beşiktaş. When this building became too small, Building 84, also in Akaretler, Beşiktaş, became their headquarters. The yard behind this building was turned into a sports pitch.

Some of the young patriots from the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul formed two football clubs called "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" under the leadership of Şeref Bey. Local football clubs "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" joined the club, in ^[22]

For years, the original colours of Beşiktaş were believed to be "Red and White"; and then temporarily changed into "Black and White", commemorating the martyrs of Balkan Wars, including players of the club. Although most written sources endorse this claim, a detailed study carried out for Beşiktaş's th anniversary documentary had shown that colour red was never used in club's first colours; and colours of the club were always "black and white".^[24]

[edit]

With football becoming the main sport of the Ottoman Empire around , Beşiktaş members slowly started to give more attention to football.^[c] In August , Ahmed Şerafettin started the football team. With the outbreak of World War I following the Balkan Wars, sporting activities at the club effectively came to a halt as many athletes left to serve on the front lines.^[22] While the end of the war allowed surviving athletes to return, the team faced a difficult period during the Occupation of Istanbul, but was able to recover with the hard work of Şeref Bey.^[28] Beşiktaş did not enter the Istanbul Friday and Sunday leagues, and did not have any championships until , when they won the Istanbul Turkish 1st Sports League.

In , that particular league's final season, they won it again. In , Beşiktaş entered the Istanbul Football League along with Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and other Istanbul teams. Beşiktaş became the league's first champion of –24 season, but was not able to have more success in the league. Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe were the two dominant teams through the middle of the s.

Beşiktaş won their 2nd Istanbul League title in –34 season, as well as their first Turkish Football Championship in the same year, beating Altay in the final 3–1 on 29 October In , the Turkish National League was formed. In –37 Istanbul Football League season prior to the National League's inaugural season, Beşiktaş finished in fourth place, which earned them a berth in the National League. Beşiktaş finished 3rd place in the National League, behind Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray. In –38 season, Beşiktaş finished in 3rd place in the Istanbul League and, 2nd place in the National League, behind Güneş. Beşiktaş won a record five consecutive Istanbul League championships between and In the National League, Beşiktaş finished 4th in , 5th in , 1st in and 3rd in (in the league was not held). The club won –45 and –46 seasons in Istanbul League, as well as the national league in and

– from Milli Lig to Süper Lig[edit]

Professionalism in football in Turkey entered into force in ^[44] In , the Millî Lig was formed, the nation's first professional football league.^[45] Finishing in 2nd place at White Group and failing to reach the 2-legged-final in inaugural year of the competition, Beşiktaş won their first title in the following season. In , the club also participated in the European Cup, becoming the first Turkish team ever to participate in the tournament. In subsequent years, Beşiktaş finished third in both and , as well as second in , and In and , meanwhile, the club won back-to-back championship titles, and in the latter year, they also won their first Turkish Super Cup. In , Beşiktaş finished second.

After , Beşiktaş's performance declined slightly, finishing in 8th, 12th, 5th, 4th many times, while Trabzonspor, Fenerbahçe and, occasionally Galatasaray continued their success. Beşiktaş only finished in second place once in the decade, in –74 season.

Following a period of 15 seasons with no league title, Beşiktaş put an end to their poor performances in –82 season with a surprise championship title under the management of Yugoslav trainer Đorđe Milić, earning another in –86 season. They finished the league as runners-up four times in the second half of the decade.

Hooliganism was a major problem that had started in Europe and had also spread throughout Turkey. Beşiktaş fan hooliganism had been an issue with many fights inside and outside the stadium, although this has become less of an issue in more recent years.

– Gordon Milne era[edit]

See also: Metin-Ali-Feyyaz

Beşiktaş had their most successful run in the Süper Lig with three consecutive championships under the management of Gordon Milne in the early s. Three players of the squad – Metin Tekin, Ali Gültiken and Feyyaz Uçar – were notable for significant contributions to the team during this period.^[58] These players were known as Metin-Ali-Feyyaz ("MAF") and they formed the front of the team's line-up.^[59][60] The trio is regarded by supporters as the best ever attacking line of the club. The supporters composed various chants for the trio devoted to their delighting style on the pitch, their goals, and above all for their friendship and modesty.

The only three-in-a-row title term in club history occurred in the –90, –91 and –92 seasons. Most notably, Beşiktaş became the first and only undefeated champions in Süper Lig history.^[63]

Under Milne's management, the team adopted the 4–4–2 system. By playing down the lines, crossing and winning balls in the air, the team were in fine form and scored many goals. On 15 October , Beşiktaş broke the Süper Lig record for the biggest winning margin in a game with a 10–0 victory over Adana Demirspor.^[64] This match was designated as one of the 16 biggest matches in club history.^[65] Collecting 79 points in 34 matches, Beşiktaş won the –95 1. Lig with the German coach Christoph Daum with 79 points, 3 points ahead of Trabzonspor.^[67]

–present: recent years[edit]

The club won the Süper Lig title in –03, the centenary year of its existence, under management of Romanian coach Mircea Lucescu,^[68] Following a major squad change with 9 arrivals in summer transfer window, including the return of former players Sergen Yalçın and Serdar Topraktepe, winning all 4 Istanbul derbies, losing only 1 game in league fixtures, Beşiktaş secured the title in the penultimate round against Galatasaray with a last minute winner by Sergen Yalçın, concluding the game 1–0 at İnönü Stadium.^[69] They also reached the quarter-finals of the –03 UEFA Cup.^[70] In the –09 season, Beşiktaş won the league title with coach Mustafa Denizli.^[71]

Later on, Beşiktaş won the league three times in –16, –17 and – In addition, they reached the –17 UEFA Europa League Quarter-finals, and the –18 UEFA Champions League Round of ^[72]

Grounds[edit]

Main articles: Taksim Stadium, Şeref Stadium, İnönü Stadium, and Vodafone Park

For the youth and women's football departments stadium, see Fulya Hakkı Yeten Facility and İsmet İnönü Stadium.

Since the establishment of football department, Beşiktaş played at varied grounds until , when they had started to play their games at Taksim Stadium, by their participation to the Istanbul Football funduszeue.infoönü Stadium used to host the football home games of Beşiktaş between and for 66 years. The first football match had been played on 23 November , when Beşiktaş hosted Swedish side AIK, on a friendly game, ended 3–2 in favour of away team.^[74] The club hosted their testimonial game against Gençlerbirliği in 33st match-day of –13 season, ended in favour of home side 3–0, on 11 May , Saturday.^[75]

Since , Beşiktaş play their home games at Vodafone Park, successor of İnönü Stadium.^[76] The inaugural encounter was held between Beşiktaş and Bursaspor at week 28 of –16 season, ended 3–2 as the first ever win of the hosting Beşiktaş, on 11 April ^[77][78]

Honours[edit]

Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. Honors

Domestic leagues[edit]

As of 1 August ^[79]

• Süper Lig
  • Winners (16)–57, –58, –60, –66, –67, –82, –86, –90, –91, –92, –95, –03, –09, –16, –17, –21
  • Runners-up (14): –63, –64, –65, –68, –74, –84, –87, –88, –89, –93, –97, –99, –, –07
• Turkish National Division
• Turkish Football Championship
• Istanbul Football League
  • Winners (13):–24, –34, –39, –40, –41, –42, –43, –45, –46, –50, –51, –52, –54

Domestic cups[edit]

As of 5 January ^[79]

• Turkish Cup
  • Winners (10):^[80]–75, –89, –90, –94, –98, –06, –07, –09, –11, –21
  • Runners-up (6):^[80]–66, –77, –84, –93, –99, –02
• Turkish Super Cup
  • Winners (9):^[81], , , , , , , ,
  • Runners-up (12):^[81], , , , , , , , , , ,
• Prime Minister's Cup
  • Winners (6):, , , , ,
  • Runners-up (2): ,

Others[edit]

As of 1 August ^[79]

• TSYD Cup
  • Winners (12) (shared-record):^[82] –65, –66, –72, –73, –75, –84, –85, –89, –90, –91, –94, –97
• Turkish Amateur Football Championship
• Alpen Cup
• Efes Cup
• Soma Tournament
• International Royal Cup

European record[edit]

Main article: Beşiktaş J.K. in European football

Statistics[edit]

As of 28 July ^[89]

UEFA club points ranking[edit]

As of 16 November ^[90]

Recent seasons[edit]

Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. seasons

Players[edit]

Current squad[edit]

As of 17 April ^[]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Out on loan[edit]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.